Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans

Table 4

Six-year incidence of hypertension* by baseline characteristics: multivariate analysis.

Characteristic	OR (95% CI)^†	P ^‡
Age (per year)	1.00 (0.95–1.05)	0.99
Body mass index (per Kg/m^2)	1.04 (0.99–1.09)	0.09
Smoking (packyears)^§		0.51
0	1.0
<5	0.71 (0.27–1.89)
5–14	0.89 (0.34–3.32)
≥15	1.93 (0.66–5.64)
Family history of hypertension^||	1.54 (0.78–3.04)	0.21
Proteinuria^¶		0.05
none	1.0
micro-	1.74 (0.73–4.19)
overt	3.75 (1.26–11.16)
HDHQ score	1.08 (1.03–1.13)	0.002
BDI score ≥13**	0.64 (0.29–1.43)	0.28

*Systolic ≥140 or diastolic ≥90 mm Hg or antihypertensive medication; ^†odds ratio (95% confidence interval); ^‡P values; ^§quartiles; ^|| present versus absent; ^¶microalbuminuria versus none and overt proteinuria versus none; ^#Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire score [40]; **Beck Depression Inventory score ≥13 at visit 1: depressed versus not depressed [39].