Pulse Wave Velocity as Marker of Preclinical Arterial Disease: Reference Levels in a Uruguayan Population Considering Wave Detection Algorithms, Path Lengths, Aging, and Blood Pressure
Table 4
PMV levels considering age and blood pressure.
Blood pressure category
Optimal
Normal
High normal
Grades I/II HTA
PWV direct/max.up
10–19 years
6.9 (5.8–7.9)
7.4 (5.2–9.6)#
7.8 (5.9–9.8)#&
(—)
20–29 years
8.0 (5.6–10.4)a
8.1 (5.7–10.6)a#
8.7 (6.8–10.7)a#&
9.1 (6.1–12.0)#&%
30–39 years
8.4 (7.7–9.2)ab
8.7 (5.6–10.5)ab#
9.7(8.9–10.6)ab#&
10.4 (9.6–11.2)b#&%
40–49 years
8.9 (7.2–10.5)abc
9.6 (8.8–10.0)abc#
10.0 (7.6–12.5)abc#&
10.6 (5.6–15.5)b#&%
50–59 years
9.7 (8.0–11.4)abcd
9.9 (7.8–12.0)abcd#
10.4 (6.9–13.9)abcd#&
10.5 (7.6–13.4)b#&
PWV direct/tang
10–19 years
7.2 (5.9–8.5)
7.9 (5.0–10.7)#
8.2 (6.3–10.1)#&
(—)
20–29 years
8.6 (5.5–11.7)a
8.7 (5.5–11.9)a#
9.4 (6.8–12.1)a#&
10.0 (5.9–14.1)#&%
30–39 years
9.6 (7.6–11.5)ab
9.7 (3.5–15.9)ab#
10.8 (9.6–12.0)ab#&
11.8 (10.5–13.1)b#&%
40–49 years
9.8 (7.4–12.1)ab
10.9 (9.6–12.2)abc#
11.5 (8.0–15.0)abc#&
12.5 (7.2–17.9)bc#&%
50–59 years
10.7 (8.4–13.0) abcd
11.1 (8.9–13.3)abc#
11.6 (8.4–14.9)abc#&
13.0 (8.2–17.2)bcd#&%
PWV sn-fem/max.up
10–19 years
6.8 (5.8–7.9)
7.2 (5.1–9.3)#
7.4 (6.2–8.6)#&
(—)
20–29 years
6.9 (4.8–9.0)
7.2 (5.4–8.9)#
7.6 (6.0–9.2)a#&
7.9 (5.2–10.6)#&%
30–39 years
7.2 (6.4–8.0)ab
7.5 (3.6–11.3)ab#
8.3 (7.5–9.2)ab#&
8.8 (8.2–9.5)b#&%
40–49 years
7.6 (5.8–9.5)abc
8.3 (7.5–9.2)abc#
8.6 (6.4–10.7)abc#&
9.3 (4.4–14.1)bc#&%
50–59 years
8.3 (6.9–9.8)abcd
8.5 (6.5–10.4)abc#
8.9 (5.8–12.0)abcd#&
9.6 (7.6–11.5)bcd#&%
PWV sn-fem/tang
10–19 years
7.2 (5.9–8.5)
7.6 (5.0–10.3)#
7.8 (6.1–9.6 )#&
(—)
20–29 years
7.4 (4.6–10.2)a
7.6 (5.1–10.1)#
8.1 (5.7–10.4)a#&
8.7 (5.0–12.4)#&%
30–39 years
7.9 (5.7–10.2)ab
8.7 (7.4–12.8)ab#
9.2 (8.1–10.4)ab#&
10.1 (9.0–11.2)b#&%
40–49 years
8.4 (6.0–10.8)abc
9.4 (8.3–10.5)abc#
9.8 (6.7–12.8)abc#&
10.7 (3.9–17.5)bc#&%
50–59 years
9.3 (7.2–11.5)abcd
9.6 (6.8–12.5)abcd#
10.2 (5.6–14.8)abcd#&
11.1 (7.6–14.6)bcd#&%
PWV subtracted/max.up
10–19 years
4.6 (3.8–5.4)
4.8 (3.4–6.3)
5.0 (4.2–5.8)#&
(—)
20–29 years
5.7 (3.7–7.7)a
5.9 (3.2–8.5)a
6.3 (4.0–8.6)a#&
6.5 (4.0–9.0)#&%
30–39 years
6.1 (4.9–7.4)ab
6.2 (2.8–9.6)ab
6.9 (6.1–7.8)ab#&
7.3 (5.4–10.3)b#&%
40–49 years
6.1 (5.0–7.2)ab
7.0 (5.9–8.2)abc#
7.3 ( 5.6–9.0 )abc#&
7.7 (3.5–12.0)bc#&%
50–59 years
6.9 (5.7–8.2)abcd
7.0 (5.3–8.8 )abc
7.4 (4.7–10.2)abc#&
8.0 (5.9–9.6)bcd #&%
PWV subtracted/tang
10–19 years
4.8 (3.9–5.8)
5.1 (3.4–6.9)#
5.4 (4.3–6.4)#&
(—)
20–29 years
6.3 (3.5–9.0)a
6.3 (3.0–9.6)a
6.8 (3.9–9.7)a#&
7.1 (3.8– 10.4)#&%
30–39 years
6.7 (5.2–8.2)ab
6.9 (2.2–11.6)ab
7.7 (6.6–8.7)ab#&
8.4 (7.6–9.3)b#&%
40–49 years
6.8 (5.2–8.4)ab
7.7 (6.8–8.7)abc#
8.2 (5.7–10.7)abc#&
8.9 (3.0–14.8)bc#&%
50–59 years
7.8 (6.0–9.5)abcd
8.0 (5.5–10.5)abcd#
8.5 (4.5–12.4)abcd#&
8.8 (5.4–12.2)bc#&%
PWV real
10–19 years
5.8 (4.7–6.8)
6.3 (4.0–8.5 )#
6.3 (4.8–7.7)
(—)
20–29 years
6.9 (4.4–9.4)a
7.0 (4.4–9.5)a
7.6 (5.4–9.7)a#&
8.0 (4.7–11.2)#&%
30–39 years
7.7 (6.1–9.2)ab
7.8 (2.8–12.7)ab
8.6 (7.7–9.6)ab#&
9.5 (8.4–10.5 )b#&%
40–49 years
7.8 (6.0–9.7)ab
8.7 (7.5–10.1)abc#
9.2 (6.4–12.0)abc#&
9.9 (7.9–15.7)bc#&%
50–59 years
8.9 (6.4–11.5)abcd
9.0 ( 7.6–11.0)abcd#
9.5 (5.3–13.7)abcd#&
10.4 (6.9–13.7)bcd#&%
Statistics: a, b, c, d, e , with respect to 10–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, and 50–59 years, respectively (ANOVA + Bonferroni). #, &, %, with respect to optimal, normal, and high normal blood pressure level, respectively (ANOVA + Bonferroni).
