Depressive Symptoms and 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Africans: The SABPA Study

Table 1

Characteristics of the study sample (𝑁=405).

Variable	No depressive symptoms		Mild- moderate depressive symptoms		Severe depressive symptoms
	Black (𝑛=42)	Caucasian (𝑛=101)	Black (𝑛=120)	Caucasian (𝑛=95)	Black (𝑛=35)	Caucasian (𝑛=12)
Age (yrs)	43.8±7.3	46.3±10.8	44.7±8.3	43.8±10.7	43.3±7.8	43.3±11.3
Sex (% men)	66.7	58.4	58.8	45.7	34.3*	33.3*
Body mass index (kg·m^2)	27.7±6.6	27.2±5.4	30.7±7.2	27.7±6.5	31.2±7.1 *	29.8±6.7
Total/HDL cholesterol ratio	4.41±1.85	5.21±1.63	4.34±1.58	4.71±1.58	5.08±3.31	5.41±1.69
C-reactive protein (mg/L)^†	3.95 (54.3)	1.10 (14.1)	5.05 (53.6)	1.90 (26.3)	5.33 (32.5)	2.90 (25.7)*
Glucose (mmol/L)	5.59±2.23	5.80±0.97	5.59±1.64	5.55±0.62	5.92±3.01	5.53±0.50
Antihypertensive medication usage (%)	21.5	8.9	22.5	8.4	14.3	8.3

* 𝑃<0.05 for trend across depressive symptom groups compared within own ethnicity; values displayed as mean ± SD unless stated (^†non-normally distributed values displayed as median and range).