Angiotensin-(1-7)-Mediated Signaling in Cardiomyocytes
Figure 3
Ang-(1-7) signaling in cardiomyocytes. Ang-(1-7) activates the PI3-K/AKT/NOS3 pathway leading to NO generation and cGMP production. Activation of this pathway culminates with inhibition of Ang II-induced NFAT translocation. Preliminary evidence suggests that NOS1 expression may be modulated by Ang-(1-7). Ang-(1-7) also inhibits ET-1 and FBS activation of cell growth. The consequences of Ang-(1-7)/Mas and B2R cross-talk for cardiomyocyte function are still unknown (?). →= activation; - -= inhibition; ET-1 = endothelin; Ang II = angiotensin II; Ang-(1-7) = angiotensin-(1-7); ET-R = endothelin receptor; AT1-R = AT1 receptor; Mas = Mas receptor; B2R = bradykinin receptor type 2; FBS = fetal bovine serum; NFAT = nuclear factor of activated T cells; GSK3β = glycogen synthase kinase 3β; PI3-K = phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT = protein kinase B; NOS3 = nitric oxide synthase 3; NOS1 = nitric oxide synthase 1; NO = nitric oxide; cGMP = cyclic guanosine monophosphate; ERK 1/2 = extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2. The question marks denote areas in which the current state of knowledge is still preliminary.
