Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factor Patterns and Their Implications for Intervention Strategies in Vietnam

Table 4

Adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for having individually clustered CVD risk factors in a studied population of Vietnamese adults.

Social factors	Having cluster (≥2/4) of metabolic CVD risk factor		Having cluster (≥2/5) of behavioural CVD risk factor		Having cluster (≥4/9) of all major CVD risk factor
	Women; OR (95% CI)	Men; OR (95% CI)	Women; OR (95% CI)	Men; OR (95% CI)	Women; OR (95% CI)	Men; OR (95% CI)
Age group
25–34	1	1	1	1	1	1
35–44	1.9 (0.9–3.8)	1.3 (0.7–2.6)	1.0 (0.6–1.5)	0.8 (0.4–1.4)	1.2 (0.4–3.7)	1.2 (0.7–2.2)
45–54	3.4 (1.8–6.6)^a	1.9 (1.0–3.6)^b	1.5 (1.0–2.3)	0.7 (0.4–1.2)	4.5 (1.8–11.7)^a	1.2 (0.7–2.0)
55 – 64	12.8 (6.7–24.5)^a	3.0 (1.6–5.6)^a	1.0 (0.6–1.6)	0.7 (0.4–1.1)	6.8 (2.6–17.5)^a	1.2 (0.7–2.1)
65 – 74	16.5 (8.3–32.9)^a	3.2 (1.7–6.2)^a	1.0 (0.6–1.6)	0.5 (0.3–0.8)^b	9.8 (3.7–26.9)^a	1.3 (0.7–2.2)
75 ++	14.0 (6.8–29.1)^a	4.4 (2.2–9.2)^a	1.3 (0.8–2.4)	0.5 (0.2–0.9)^b	9.8 (3.5–27.0)^a	1.4 (0.7–2.7)
Residence area
Rural	1	1	1	1	1	1
Urban	2.6 (1.9–3.5)^a	1.9 (1.4–2.7)^a	0.8 (0.6–1.1)	0.9 (0.7–1.3)	2.9 (1.9–4.3)^a	1.8 (1.3–2.5)^a
Educational status
High school and higher	1	1	1	1	1	1
Less than high school	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	0.9 (0.6–1.3)	0.7 (0.6–1.0)^b	1.0 (0.7–1.4)	0.8 (0.6–1.1)	0.9 (0.6–1.3)
Occupational status
Manual workers	1	1	1	1	1	1
Government staff	1.0 (0.7–1.5)	2.0 (1.3–2.9)^a	0.8 (0.5–1.1)	0.7 (0.5–1.0)^b	1.0 (0.6–1.5)	0.9 (0.6–1.4)
Others	1.4 (1.0–2.0)^b	1.3 (0.8–2.1)	0.8 (0.6–1.2)	0.9 (0.5–1.4)	1.1 (0.7–1.6)	0.9 (0.6–1.5)

^a𝑃<0.01; ^b𝑃<0.05.