Review Article
The Angiotensin-Melatonin Axis
Table 1
Opposing roles of angiotensin II and melatonin in cardiovascular and metabolic pathophysiology.
| Angiotensin | Melatonin |
| Blood pressure: direct effects | Increase, vasoconstriction | Decrease, vasodilation |
| Blood pressure: circadian rhythm | Nondipper/riser hypertension | Decreased levels in nondipper hypertension, chronobiotic |
| Central clock: suprachiasmatic nucleus | Precursor and receptors present | Receptors present |
| Sympathetic nervous system | Stimulation | Sympatholytic |
| Oxidative stress | Increase | Decrease |
| Inflammation | Increase | Decrease |
| Central clock: suprachiasmatic nucleus | Precursor and receptors present | Receptors present |
| Insulin | Insulin resistance | Increase in insulin sensitivity |
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