Prevalence, Treatment, and Associated Factors of Hypertension in Spain: A Comparative Study between Populations

Table 4

Multiple logistic regression analysis of hypertensive treated subjects of being blood pressure uncontrolled after adjusting for age, body mass index, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, education level, alcohol, and smoking habits.

	Men		Women
	OR (95 % CI)	p	OR (95 % CI)	p
Living area
Urban area	1		1
Rural area	0.819 (0.380 – 1.765)	0.610	0.501 (0.258 – 0.970)	0.040
Age categories (years)
31 – 45	1		1
46 - 60	0.933 (0.392 – 2.220)	0.876	1.595 (0.650 – 3.917)	0.308
61 - 77	1.187 (0.387 – 3.642)	0.765	2.045 (0.651 – 6.424)	0.220
BMI (kg/m2)
< 30	1		1
≥ 30	0.757 (0.342 – 1.675)	0.492	1.403 (0.752 – 2.617)	0.287
Diabetes Mellitus
No	1		1
Prediabetes	0.769 (0.345 – 1.714)	0.520	1.898 (0.990 – 3.642)	0.054
Diabetes	6.460 (1.260 – 33.125)	0.025	1.799 (0.554 – 5.839)	0.329
Cardiovascular disease
No	1		1
Yes	1.376 (0.360 – 5.270)	0.641	0.967 (0.241 – 3.881)	0.963
Hypercholesterolemia
No	1		1
Yes	0.819 (0.350 – 1.918)	0.646	0.596 (0.305 – 1.166)	0.131
Education level
None	1		1
Primary	0.855 (0.685 – 10.666)	0.903	1.180 (0.425 – 3.277)	0.751
Secondary	0.245 (0.092 – 0.654)	0.005	0.467 (0.211 – 1.038)	0.062
Tertiary	0.156 (0.044 – 0.549)	0.004	0.337 (0.108 – 1.046)	0.060
Alcohol intake
No	1		1
Occasionally	1.181 (0.356 – 3.917)	0.785	0.560 (0.250 – 1.255)	0.159
Low-Moderate	1.760 (0.562 – 5.512)	0.332	0.531 (0.221 – 1.272)	0.155
Heavy	2.258 (0.720 – 7.08)	0.163	1.082 (0.069 – 16.989)	0.955
Smoking habit
Yes	1		1
No	3.126 (1.012 – 9.655)	0.048	1.237 (0.282 – 5.430)	0.778
Former	1.828 (0.789 – 4.234)	0.159	0.914 (0.153 – 5.473)	0.922

Statistically significant values (p< 0.05) are highlighted in bold letters.