Racial/Ethnic, Nativity, and Sociodemographic Disparities in Maternal Hypertension in the United States, 2014-2015

Table 3

Racial/ethnic variation in selected social and medical risk factors for maternal hypertension, United States, 2014-2015 ( = 7,966,573).

Race/Ethnicity	Maternal Age ≥ 35 Years; Percent	Maternal Education ≥ 16 Years; Percent	Foreign Born; Percent	Gestational Diabetes; Percent	Pre-pregnancy Overweight (BMI ≥ 25); Prevalence (%)	Pre-pregnancy Obesity (BMI ≥ 30); Prevalence (%)	Weight gain in pregnancy (>40 lbs) Prevalence (%)	Smoking Before Pregnancy Percent	Smoking in Pregnancy Percent
All Races	16.0	30.6	22.3	6.4	50.8	25.1	21.3	10.5	8.1
Non-Hispanic White	16.3	39.6	6.6	5.7	47.3	23.1	24.0	14.9	11.6
Non-Hispanic Black	12.8	15.9	15.0	5.6	61.8	35.0	21.7	9.0	6.9
American Indian/AN	10.0	9.2	1.6	10.0	63.1	36.0	22.8	22.3	17.9
Chinese	31.6	67.5	87.5	9.5	14.3	2.7	14.7	0.4	0.2
Japanese	49.4	66.5	72.5	6.2	16.3	4.8	7.7	2.1	0.9
Filipino	31.9	53.1	72.7	11.9	36.3	11.7	16.0	2.3	1.2
Asian Indian	18.7	78.3	89.9	13.3	37.7	9.8	13.0	0.3	0.2
Korean	36.5	76.7	78.7	7.9	19.9	5.0	14.1	2.6	1.4
Vietnamese	29.2	39.9	81.3	11.6	15.8	3.6	12.9	1.0	0.6
Hawaiian	14.5	18.1	4.4	8.3	65.0	37.2	24.8	14.7	12.3
Samoan	12.0	7.4	29.6	10.1	87.6	64.4	31.2	9.9	8.1
Mexican	14.5	9.1	49.2	7.6	59.3	29.1	15.5	2.4	1.5
Puerto Rican	12.0	15.4	13.2	6.7	56.8	29.9	22.3	10.1	6.8
Cuban	17.0	26.6	51.9	5.2	47.1	19.9	25.7	3.5	2.3
Central/South American	20.8	17.5	82.8	6.4	52.0	20.5	14.9	1.2	0.6

Source. Data derived from the 2014-2015 US National Natality data files. AN = Alaska Native.