Selective Blood Pressure Screening in the Young: Quantification of Population Wide Underestimation of Elevated Blood Pressure
Table 1
Hypertensive blood pressure, overweight, obesity, and parental history of hypertension in 3-39-year-olds in Germany.
Total
Male
Female
Children and adolescents 3-17 years
n
n
n
KiGGS 2003-2006 participants
14835
7570
7265
Participants with complete data on BP and BMI
14633
7488
7145
Participants with complete data on BP, BMI and parental hypertension
9229
4733
4496
(%)
95 %-CI
95 %-CI
95 %-CI
hypertensive BP (KiGGS percentiles)
10.5
(9.7-11.5)
11.2
(10.2-12.3)
9.9
(8.9-10.9)
hypertensive BP (Fourth Report)
6.7
(6.1-7.4)
7.3
(6.5-8.2)
6.1
(5.4-7.0)
overweight: German reference
16.0
(15.1-16.8)
15.8
(14.7-17.1)
16.1
(15.1-17.2)
overweight: IOTF
20.0
(19.1-20.9)
19.8
(18.5-21.2)
20.2
(19.0-21.4)
obese: German reference
7.1
(6.5-7.7)
6.7
(6.0-7.6)
7.4
(6.6-8.2)
obese: IOTF
5.6
(5.1-6.2)
5.6
(4.9-6.4)
5.7
(5.0-6.4)
parental hypertension
28.5
(27.3-29.8)
28.9
(27.4-30.5)
28.1
(26.7-29.6)
overweight (IOTF) or parental hypertension
42.6
(41.3-43.8)
43.0
(41.3-44.7)
42.1
(40.6-43.7)
obese (IOTF) or parental hypertension
32.4
(31.1-33.7)
32.8
(31.1-34.5)
32.1
(30.5-33.7)
Adults 18-39 years
n
n
n
DEGS1 2008-2011 participants
1912
934
978
Participants with complete data on BP and BMI
1884
923
961
Participants with complete data on BP, BMI and parental hypertension
1482
688
794
(%)
95 %-CI
95 %-CI
95 %-CI
hypertensive BP
6.4
(5.2-7.9)
9.9
(7.7-12.6)
2.9
(1.9-4.5)
overweight
26.7
(24.5-29.0)
32.8
(29.4-36.4)
20.4
(17.6-23.4)
obese
13.8
(12.1-15.7)
14.6
(12.1-17.4)
13.0
(10.8-15.5)
parental hypertension
45.3
(42.5-48.1)
42.4
(38.0-46.9)
48.0
(44.1-52.0)
overweight (IOTF) or parental hypertension
65.1
(62.1 67.9)
66.9
(62.4 71.0)
63.4
(59.4 67.1)
obese (IOTF) or parental hypertension
52.0
(49.0 55.0)
50.4
(45.9 54.9)
53.6
(49.5 57.7)
KiGGS: German Health Interview and Examination Survey in Children and Adolescents; DEGS1: German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults. BP: blood pressure; BMI: Body Mass Index; IOTF: International Obesity Task Force (cut points correspond to an adult BMI of 25 (overweight) or 30 (obesity)). Hypertensive BP: SBP or DBP ≥95th percentile or ≥140/90 mm Hg.
