Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control and Related Factors of Hypertension in Multiethnic Agriculture, Stock-Raising, and Urban Xinjiang, Northwest China: A Cross-Sectional Screening for 47000 Adults
Table 3
Factors associated with hypertension from multiple logistic regression.
Variables
Stratification
Prevalence OR (95% CI)
Awareness OR (95% CI)
Treatment OR (95% CI)
Control OR (95% CI)
Gender
Women
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Men
0.88 (0.82–0.94)
0.77 (0.67–0.87)
0.80 (0.72–0.88)
0.94 (0.83–1.06)
Age
18–44
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
45–60
4.95 (4.61–5.31)
4.71 (4.10–5.43)
4.15 (3.57–4.82)
3.08 (2.44–3.90)
60+
12.29 (11.28–13.38)
11.55 (9.82–13.57)
8.26 (7.05–9.68)
3.90 (3.07–4.94)
Regions
Agriculture
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Stock-raising
0.96 (0.79–1.23)
2.38 (2.04–2.78)
1.98 (1.74–2.25)
0.98 (0.83–1.15)
Urban
1.63 (1.47–1.79)
1.03 (0.86–1.23)
1.05 (0.89–1.25)
0.82 (0.66–1.03)
Ethnicity
Han
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Kazakh
1.68 (1.57–1.80)
0.90 (0.88–1.12)
1.10 (0.99–1.23)
0.58 (0.51–0.67)
Uighur
0.94 (0.76–1.16)
1.17 (0.77–1.79)
1.16 (0.81–1.65)
1.23 (0.84–1.80)
Mongolian
1.42 (1.23–1.64)
1.01 (0.77–1.32)
1.08 (0.86–1.36)
0.78 (0.59–1.03)
Other
0.78 (0.66–0.93)
0.81 (0.59–1.13)
1.12 (0.83–1.50)
1.03 (0.74–1.44)
Education status
Primary and lower
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Elementary middle school
0.62 (0.58–0.66)
1.20 (1.07–1.36)
0.98 (0.89–1.10)
1.29 (1.13–1.47)
High school or above
0.33 (0.29–0.39)
0.87 (0.63–1.20)
0.74 (0.54–1.02)
1.38 (0.96–2.00)
Occupation
Agriculture or husbandry
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Nonagriculture or nonhusbandry
2.24 (2.07–2.43)
1.08 (0.94–1.23)
1.01 (0.89–1.13)
0.64 (0.54–0.75)
Marital status
Single
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Married
2.55 (2.14–3.03)
1.99 (1.30–3.07)
2.76 (1.57–4.85)
1.05 (0.55–1.99)
Divorced
3.55 (2.84–4.44)
2.82 (1.74–4.59)
3.14 (1.74–5.67)
1.65 (0.85–3.23)
BMI (WGOC)
Normal
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Overweight
1.30 (1.20–1.41)
1.43 (1.23–1.65)
1.39 (1.22–1.59)
1.23 (1.04–1.46)
Obesity
1.94 (1.75–2.15)
2.73 (2.27–3.27)
1.20 (1.70–2.34)
1.44 (1.17–1.77)
BMI (WHO)
Normal
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Overweight
1.36 (1.27–1.46)
1.38 (1.22–1.57)
1.20 (1.07–1.34)
1.15 (0.99–1.33)
Obesity
2.11 (1.87–2.37)
3.17 (2.57–3.92)
1.93 (1.63–2.29)
1.45 (1.18–1.79)
WC (WGOC)
Normal
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Abdominal obesity
1.30 (1.21–1.41)
0.80 (0.70–0.93)
0.85 (0.75–0.97)
0.89 (0.75–1.05)
WC (WHO)
Normal
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Abdominal obesity
1.32 (1.22–1.41)
0.996 (0.87–1.14)
1.03 (0.92–1.16)
0.96 (0.83–1.12)
Cigarette smoking
No
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Yes
2.49 (2.20–2.81)
4.88 (3.66–6.50)
2.64 (1.94–3.58)
1.79 (1.23–2.60)
Alcohol drinking
No
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
1 (reference)
Yes
4.90 (4.33–5.53)
11.37 (8.58–15.07)
8.04 (5.84–11.05)
2.89 (1.98–4.23)
BMI: body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; WC, waist circumference; WGOC: Working Group on Obesity in China.; OR: odd ratio; CI: confidence interval.
