Comparison of Effects of ACEIs and ARBs on Albuminuria and Hyperkalemia in Indonesian Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Table 3

Factors affecting the cases of hyperkalemia in T2DM patients on ACEIs or ARBs.

	Variable	value	OR	95% CI
				Upper	Lower
Crude model	RAS inhibitor
	ACEI	Reference
	ARB	0.696	1.185	0.506	2.772
Adjusted model 1	RAS inhibitor
	ACEI	Reference
	ARB	0.662	1.282	0.420	3.911
	Sex
	Male	Reference
	Female	0.076	0.358	0.115	1.115
	Smoking habit
	Nonsmokers	Reference
	Ex-smokers	0.116	3.717	0.724	19.087
	Systolic blood pressure
	Controlled	Reference
	Uncontrolled	0.122	0.398	0.124	1.281
	Medication adherence
	High adherence	Reference
	Moderate adherence	0.104	0.387	0.124	1.214
Adjusted model 2	Sex
	Male	Reference
	Female	0.028	0.299	0.102	0.877
	Systolic blood pressure
	Controlled	Reference
	Uncontrolled	0.103	0.401	0.134	1.202
	Medication adherence
	High adherence	Reference
	Moderate adherence	0.136	0.443	0.152	1.291

RAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; ACEIs, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARBs, angiotensin II receptor blockers. Statistically significant.