Individual and Obstetric Risk Factors of Preeclampsia among Singleton Pregnancy in Hospitals of Southern Ethiopia

Table 2

Individual and family-related factors of women enrolled for a case-control study conducted among singleton pregnant women attending perinatal care in Omo district hospitals, southern Ethiopia.

Variable	Outcome variable		X^2	Crude odds ratio (95% CI)	value
	Preeclampsia, n (%)	Controls, n (%)
Family history of chronic hypertension
No apparent history	119 (76.3%)	276 (84.7%)	5.73	1 (ref)
Primary relatives only	18 (11.5%)	20 (6.1%)		2.09 (1.07–4.09)	0.03
Secondary relatives only	19 (12.2%)	30 (9.2%)		1.47 (0.79–2.71)	0.22
Family history of diabetes mellitus
Yes	10 (6.4%)	30 (9.2%)	1.08	0.68 (0.32–1.42)
No	146 (93.6%)	296 (90.8%)		Ref	0.30
Personnel history of diabetes mellitus
Yes	9 (5.8%)	13 (4.0%)	0.77	1.47 (0.62–3.53)
No	147 (94.2%)	313 (96.0%)		Ref	0.38
Maternal asthma
Yes	11 (92.9%)	14 (4.3%)	1.63	1.69 (0.75–3.82)	0.21
No	145 (7.1%)	312 (95.7%)		Ref
History of abortion
Yes	27 (17.3%)	60 (18.4%)	0.09	0.92 (0.56–1.53)	0.77
No	129 (82.7%)	266 (81.6%)		Ref
Haematologic status
Low haemoglobin	56 (35.9%)	106 (32.5%)	0.54	1.16 (0.78–1.74)	0.46
Normal haemoglobin	100 (64.1%)	220 (67.5%)		Ref
Contraceptive use
No contraceptive use	83 (53.2%)	166 (50.9%)	1.83	Ref
Injectable	50 (32.1%)	98 (30.1)		1.02 (0.66–1.57)	0.93
Implants	14 (9.0%)	43 (13.2%)		0.65 (0.34–1.26)	0.20
Oral pills	9 (5.8%)	19 (5.8%)		0.95 (0.41–2.19)	0.90
Body mass index (BMI)
Underweight	18 (11.5%)	19 (5.8%)	8.12	Ref
Normal	92 (59.0%)	215 (66.0%)		0.45 (0.23–0.90	0.02
Overweight	39 (25.0%)	86 (26.4%)		0.48 (0.23–1.01)	0.05
Obese	7 (4.5%)	6 (1.8%)		1.23 (0.35–4.37)	0.75