Comparison of Blood Pressure Variability between 24 h Ambulatory Monitoring and Office Blood Pressure in Diabetics and Nondiabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Short-term BP variability SD and CV comparison between ND and D across 24 h, daytime, and night-time.

	Non-diabetics	Diabetics	value between groups	Adjusted value
Delta (mmHg)
DSBP 24 h	46.0 (37.0–55.0)	48.0 (38.0–59.0)	=0.006	0.006
DDBP 24 h	36.0 (30.0–42.0)	33.0 (27.0–40.0)	=0.001	0.758
SD systolic (mmHg)
24 h	13.6 (11.4–16.3)	14.4 (12.6–17.6)	<0.001	0.104
Daytime	11.9 (9.9–14.4)	13.6 (11.1–16.1)	<0.001	0.042
Night-time	10.0 (7.9–12.4)	11.1 (8.7–13.7)	<0.001	0.112
SD diastolic (mmHg)
24 h	10.6 (9.1–12.5)	10.2 (8.6–12.1)	0.010	0.687
Daytime	8.9 (7.6–10.5)	8.8 (7.4–10.4)	=0.661	—
Night-time	8.1 (6.4–10.1)	8.4 (6.6–10.4)	=0.598	—
CVS (%)
24 h	10.6 (8.9–12.4)	10.5 (9.1–12.5)	=0.410	—
Daytime	8.8 (7.4–10.7)	9.5 (8.0–10.9)	0.001	0.040
Night-time	8.4 (6.6–10.5)	8.6 (6.6–10.7)	=0.424	—
CVD (%)
24 h	13.7 (11.6–16.1)	13.3 (11.2–15.4)	0.021	0.967
Daytime	11.0 (9.2–13.1)	10.9 (9.3–12.8)	=0.962	—
Night-time	11.7 (9.2–14.6)	11.9 (9.3–14.4)	=0.900	—
ARVS	8.4 (6.9–10.4)	9.3 (7.7–12.0)	<0.001	0.211
ARVD	6.5 (5.5–7.8)	6.5 (5.3–8.0)	=0.541	—
wSD systolic 24 h	8.6 (7.1–10.2)	9.3 (7.7–12.0)	<0.001	0.179

DSBP: delta (maximum-minimum) systolic blood pressure, DDBP: delta diastolic blood pressure, SD: standard deviation, CVS: coefficient of variation of systolic blood pressure, CVD: coefficient of variation of diastolic blood pressure, CVP: coefficient of variation of arterial peripheral pulse, ARVS/D/P: average real variability of systolic/diastolic/arterial peripheral pulse ND: nondiabetics, D: diabetics. Variables are presented as medians (interquartile range: percentile 25-percentile 75) and comparisons between ND vs. D were tested with the Mann–Whitney rank sum test. A GLM model was computed to adjust for age, BMI, dyslipidemia, familiar history of diabetes and hypertension, and mean BP value.