Blood Pressure Trajectories for 16 Years and the Development of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Increased Left Atrial Size: The Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study
Table 2
Association between mid-BP trajectories and the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Unadjusted
Model I
Model II
OR
95% CI
value
OR
95% CI
value
OR
95% CI
value
Total (n = 2,565)
1st group (lowest, n = 536)
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
2nd group (n = 928)
2.749
2.036–3.713
<0.001
2.513
1.856–3.402
<0.001
2.033
1.462–2.827
<0.001
3rd group (n = 828)
5.266
3.913–7.087
<0.001
4.630
3.429–6.252
<0.001
3.446
2.475–4.797
<0.001
4th group (highest, n = 273)
6.718
4.711–9.580
<0.001
5.891
4.114–8.436
<0.001
4.940
3.318–7.356
<0.001
Males (n = 1,267)
1st group (lowest, n = 137)
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
2nd group (n = 468)
2.980
1.547–5.742
0.001
2.905
1.505–5.607
0.002
1.978
0.996–3.925
0.051
3rd group (n = 480)
6.418
3.371–12.218
<0.001
6.204
3.254–11.829
<0.001
3.490
1.774–6.865
0.001
4th group (highest, n = 182)
8.182
4.130–16.211
<0.001
7.805
3.931–15.499
<0.001
4.573
2.220–9.422
<0.001
Females (n = 1,298)
1st group (lowest, n = 399)
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
Ref.
2nd group (n = 460)
3.292
2.320–4.673
<0.001
2.906
2.037–4.145
<0.001
2.118
1.431–3.136
0.001
3rd group (n = 348)
6.299
4.397–9.022
<0.001
5.084
3.518–7.346
<0.001
3.793
2.530–5.684
<0.001
4th group (highest, n = 91)
9.305
5.596–15.471
<0.001
7.510
4.469–12.620
<0.001
7.367
4.146–13.092
<0.001
CI: confidence interval, OR: odd ratio; Ref.: reference. Model 1: adjusted for age. Model II: adjusted for sex, age, duration of obesity (years, Asian cutoff used, BMI ≥25 kg/m2), duration of diabetic mellitus (years, fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or medication), duration of hypercholesterolemia (years, total cholesterol ≥220 mg/dL), cigarette smoking (baseline 3 categories), alcohol drinking (baseline 3 categories), and exercise (baseline more than 30 min at least 2 times for a week, Y or N).
