Carbohydrate Elimination or Adaptation Diet for Symptoms of Intestinal Discomfort in IBD: Rationales for “Gibsons’ Conundrum”

Table 3

Comparison of putative pathogenic mechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).

IBD	(i) Genetic predisposition (extensive)	[39, 131, 140, 150, 152, 156, 157]
	(ii) Intestinal microflora alterations	[55–57, 59–61, 65, 124, 158, 159]
	(iii) Altered immunity (extensive)	[42–44, 123, 125, 126]
	(iv) Altered carbohydrate sensitivity	[160]
	(v) Tissue destruction and complications	[50, 124]
IBS	(i) Genetic predisposition (exists but not yet worked out)	[161, 162]
	(ii) Microflora alterations especially after gastroenteritis	[6, 33, 163–165]
	(iii) Altered immune response (variable and mild)	[166]
	(iv) Altered carbohydrate sensitivity	[167–170]
	(v) No evidence for tissue destruction	[171]