Th17 Response and Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases

Table 2

Clinical aspect of therapies targeting the IL-17 pathway.

Disease	Sera	Biopsies	Cell type	SNPs or mutations	Therapy targeting Th17 pathway	Reference
Multiple sclerosis		IL-17A mRNA is detected in cerebrospinal fluid mononuclear cells	Myelin-reactive Th17^+ cells are enriched and express high IL-22 and IFNγ		Anti-p40 subunit of IL-12/23 (ustekinumab) (no effect)	[73–75]
Rheumatoid arthritis	IL-17 ↑	IL-17 ↑	Synoviocytes express IL-1b and IL-6 in response to IL-17		Anti-IL-6R (Tocilizumab); IL-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra); anti-IL17 (LY2439821, others)	[69, 72, 76–78]
Systemic lupus erythematosus	IL-17 ↑	IL-17 ↑				[18, 70, 71]
Psoriasis		IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-23 ↑	CD8^+ T cells secreting IL-17 and IL-22 (Tc17 and Tc22, respectively)	IL-23 pathway	Anti-p40 subunit of IL-12 and IL-23 (ustekinumab)	[79–82]
Inflammatory Bowel disease				IL-23 pathway		[83]
Crohn’s disease		IL-17^+ (RORγT^+ IL-23R^+ and CCR6^+cells) ↑	Th17 (CD161^+CD4^+ T cells)		Anti-IL-6R (Tocilizumab); anti-p40 subunit of IL-12/23 (ustekinumab)	[76, 84–86]