Serum Levels of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Painful Knee Osteoarthritis and Sensitization

Table 4

Correlation among cytokines, age, pain duration, VAS, WOMAC scores, and PPT values over 24 anatomical structures.

Variables		TNF-α	IL-10	IL-6	IL-8
Age	Spearman^*	−0.154	−0.019	0.016	−0.006
		0.123	0.854	0.873	0.954
		101	101	101	101
Pain duration; (months)	Spearman^*	−0.039	0.185	0.166	−0.001
		0.706	0.070	0.105	0.993
		97	97	97	97
VAS	Spearman^*	−0.029	0.203	0.238	0.020
		0.774	0.042	0.017	0.842
		101	101	101	101
WOMAC; pain	Spearman^*	−0.145	0.177	0.251	0.019
		0.151	0.078	0.012	0.850
		100	100	100	100
WOMAC; rigidity	Spearman^*	−0.050	0.271	0.303	0.059
		0.626	0.007	0.002	0.562
		99	99	99	99
WOMAC; difficulties	Spearman^*	−0.134	0.166	0.192	0.013
		0.182	0.097	0.055	0.896
		101	101	101	101
Vastus M	Spearman^*	0.283	0.075	−0.070	0.113
		0.004	0.453	0.488	0.259
		101	101	101	101
Adductor L	Spearman^*	0.337	0.054	−0.076	0.097
		0.001	0.589	0.449	0.335
		101	101	101	101
Rectus A	Spearman^*	0.229	0.034	−0.056	0.133
		0.021	0.737	0.580	0.185
		101	101	101	101
Vastus L	Spearman^*	0.252	−0.006	0.015	0.154
		0.011	0.955	0.880	0.124
		101	101	101	101
Tibialis ant	Spearman^*	0.236	−0.067	−0.065	0.096
		0.017	0.507	0.519	0.338
		101	101	101	101
Peroneal	Spearman^*	0.322	0.001	−0.075	0.067
		0.001	0.992	0.456	0.503
		101	101	101	101
Pes anserinus	Spearman^*	0.339	0.113	0.009	0.099
		0.001	0.259	0.932	0.326
		101	101	101	101
Gracilis	Spearman^*	0.322	0.050	−0.031	0.101
		0.001	0.623	0.761	0.316
		101	101	101	101
Iliopsoas	Spearman^*	0.136	−0.098	−0.060	−0.058
		0.175	0.330	0.554	0.564
		101	101	101	101
Quad L	Spearman^*	0.228	−0.080	−0.087	−0.030
		0.022	0.424	0.384	0.764
		101	101	101	101
Lig L1-L2	Spearman^*	0.204	−0.122	−0.032	0.084
		0.041	0.223	0.750	0.406
		101	101	101	101
Lig L2-L3	Spearman^*	0.192	−0.100	−0.031	0.034
		0.055	0.322	0.762	0.733
		101	101	101	101
Lig L3-L4	Spearman^*	0.139	−0.117	−0.068	0.037
		0.165	0.243	0.496	0.711
		101	101	101	101
Lig L4-L5	Spearman^*	0.187	−0.091	−0.034	0.098
		0.061	0.367	0.737	0.330
		101	101	101	101
L5-S1	Spearman^*	0.188	−0.045	−0.048	0.102
		0.060	0.656	0.635	0.312
		101	101	101	101
Lig S1-S2	Spearman^*	0.171	−0.100	−0.067	0.081
		0.087	0.318	0.504	0.420
		101	101	101	101
Popliteus	Spearman^*	0.266	−0.102	−0.067	0.056
		0.007	0.308	0.503	0.581
		101	101	101	101
PRL1	Spearman^*	0.328	0.089	−0.077	0.057
		0.001	0.377	0.445	0.574
		101	101	101	101
PRL2	Spearman^*	0.323	0.052	−0.063	0.123
		0.001	0.607	0.529	0.221
		101	101	101	101
PRL3	Spearman^*	0.313	0.017	−0.046	0.059
		0.001	0.870	0.645	0.559
		101	101	101	101
PRL4	Spearman^*	0.253	−0.061	−0.094	0.138
		0.011	0.547	0.349	0.169
		101	101	101	101
PRL5	Spearman^*	0.278	−0.049	−0.013	0.073
		0.005	0.627	0.896	0.470
		101	101	101	101
PR S1	Spearman^*	0.275	−0.104	−0.151	−0.026
		0.005	0.303	0.132	0.798
		101	101	101	101
PR S2	Spearman^*	0.221	0.000	−0.068	−0.008
		0.026	0.998	0.497	0.938
		101	101	101	101

Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients.
Vastus M: vastus medialis; Adductor L: adductor longus; Rectus A: rectus femoris; Vastus L: vastus lateralis; Tibialis ant: tibialis anterior; PR: pinch and roll maneuver; Lig: supraspinous ligaments; Quad L: quadratus lumborum; L: lumbar; S: sacral; IL: interleukin; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; WOMAC: Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index; : Spearman correlation; : probability.