Nicotine Inhibits Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Colitis but Not Ileitis in Rats

Figure 4

Effects of pretreatment with hexamethonium (5 μg) on toxin A-induced (5 μg) colonic luminal fluid accumulation (a) and MPO content (b). Administration of hexamethonium alone had no effect on colonic luminal fluid accumulation, MPO content, or toxin A-stimulated luminal fluid accumulation but significantly increased toxin A-stimulated MPO content. versus control; versus control; versus toxin A alone; .

(a)

(b)