Encapsulation of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum Strain G4 within Bovine Gelatin-Genipin-Sodium Alginate Combinations: Optimisation Approach Using Face Central Composition Design-Response Surface Methodology (FCCD-RSM)

Table 2

Encapsulation yield (%) of B. pseudocatenulatum G4 and bead strength (g) before and after exposed to simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF).

Sodium alginate (% w/v)	Bead strength (g)			Encapsulation yield (%)
	Before	After SGF	After SIF
1	313.89 ± 6.14^a	525.11 ± 5.52^a	154.21 ± 4.40^a	45.06 ± 1.83^a
2	848.62 ± 4.75^b	1031.09 ± 4.58^b	520.92 ± 5.47^b	45.72 ± 0.87^a
3	3118.66 ± 11.02^c	5912.28 ± 9.79^c	484.75 ± 4.65^c	54.22 ± 3.54^b
4	3748.18 ± 15.41^d	5575.34 ± 14.28^d	627.83 ± 5.31^d	57.53 ± 2.50^b
5	4299.80 ± 17.49^e	7214.19 ± 6.66^e	749.25 ± 6.56^e	57.66 ± 2.68^b
	2477.55 ± 12.95^f	5039.21 ± 24.42^f	991.72 ± 9.28^f	45.94 ± 3.16^a

Bovine gelatin (13% w/v) and genipin (50 mM). Formula as suggested by Annan et al. [21] using porcine gelatin. ¹SGF, simulated gastric fluid. ²SIF, simulated intestinal fluid. ³Encapsulation yield (N/N₀ × 100): N = number of viable entrapped cells and N₀ = number of viable free cells loaded into the encapsulation matrix. Different letters within columns are significantly different (). Values represent mean ± standard deviation. Data obtained were based on the 30 beads sample for the analysis.