Aflatoxins in Uganda: An Encyclopedic Review of the Etiology, Epidemiology, Detection, Quantification, Exposure Assessment, Reduction, and Control

Table 1

Types and chemical structure of common aflatoxins.

Difuranocoumarins	Aflatoxin	Chemical structure and molecular formula	Molecular weight (kg/mol)	Metabolites
Difurocoumarocyclopentenone series	AFB1		312.274
	AFB2		314.2895
	AFB2A		330.2889
	AFM1		328.273	Metabolite of AFB1 in humans and animals comes from the mother’s milk. It is believed to be associated with the casein fraction of milk
	AFM2		330.2889	Metabolite of aflatoxin B2 in milk of cattle fed on AF-contaminated foods
	AFM2A		346.069	Metabolite of AFM2
	Aflatoxicol (AFL)		314.289	Metabolite of AFB1
	Aflatoxicol M1		330.2889	Metabolite of AFM1
Difurocoumarolactone series	AFG1		328.273
	AFG2		330.289
	AFG2A		346.2883	Metabolite of AFG2
	AFGM1		344.272
	AFGM2		330.2889	Metabolite of AFG2
	AFB3 (parasiticol)		302.279
	Aflatrem		501.656
	Aspertoxin		354.310
	AFQ1		328.273	Major metabolite of AFB1 in in vitro liver preparations of other higher vertebrates

Source: modified after [9, 10].