Probiotic Potential of Lactic Acid Starter Cultures Isolated from a Traditional Fermented Sorghum-Millet Beverage

Table 1

Susceptibility of lactic acid bacteria to antibiotics.

Antibiotic	Isolate/antibiotic susceptibility
	Lactobacillus rhamnosus yoba 2012	Weissella confusa MNC 20	Lactobacillus plantarum MNC 21	Lactococcus lactis MNC 24
Penicillin G, 10 µg	S	R	R	R
Ampicillin, 10 µg	S	R	R	R
Amoxicillin, 25 µg	S	S	S	S
Amoxicillin clavulanic acid, 30 µg	S	S	S	S
Cephalexin, 30 µg	MS	S	S	MS
Vancomycin, 30 µg	R	R	R	R
Ceftriaxone, 30 µg	S	S	S	S
Gentamicin, 10 µg	S	R	R	R
Kanamycin, 30 µg	R	R	R	R
Streptomycin, 300 µg	S	S	S	S
Erythromycin, 15 µg	S	S	S	S
Tetracycline, 30 µg	S	R	R	R
Chloramphenicol, 30 µg	S	S	S	S
Ciprofloxacin, 5 µg	S	R	R	R
Levofloxacin, 15 µg	S	S	S	S
Metronidazole, 10 µg	R	R	R	R
Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, 25 µg	R	R	R	R
Rifampicin, 5 µg	S	S	S	S
Novobiocin, 30 µg	S	S	S	S
Colistin, 10 µg	R	R	R	R
Nitrofurantoin, 300 µg	S	S	S	S

R: resistant; MS: moderately susceptible; S: susceptible. Interpretation based on other antibiotics within the same class. Antibiotic concentration used was different from the value indicated by Charteris et al. [33]. Standard antibiotic concentrations were used based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [32].