Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterizations of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on Frequently Touched Sites from Public Hospitals in South Africa

Table 1

Cycling conditions and primer sequences for genes presented in this study.

	Description	Gene	Primer sequence	PCR conditions	bp size	References
Species-specific gene	Thermonuclease	nuc	F-GCGATTGATGGTGATACGGTT; R-AGCCAAGCCTTGACGAACTAAAGC	30 s 95°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	270	[19]
Virulence genes	Haemolysin	hla	F-CTGATTACTATCCAAGAAATTCGATTG; R-CTTTCCAGCCTACTTTTTTATCAGT	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	209	[20]
		hld	F-AAGAATTTTTATCTTAATTAAGGAAGGAGTG; R-TTAGTGAATTTGTTCACTGTGTCGA	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	111	[20]
	Panton–Valentine leukocidin	LukS/F-PV	F-ATCATTAGGTAAAATGTCTGGACATGATCCA; R-GCATCAAGTGTATTGGATAGCAAAAGC	30 s 95°C, 45 s 60°C, 1 min 72°C	443	[20]
Resistance genes	Erythromycin	ermC	F-CTTGTTGATCACGATAATTTCC; R-ATCTTTTAGCAAACCCGTATTC	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	190	[21]
	Tetracycline	tetK	F-TCGATAGGAACAGCAGTA; R-CAGCAGATCCTACTCCTT	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	169	[21]
		tetM	F-GTGGACAAAGGTACAACGAG; R-CGGTAAAGTTCGTCACACAC	50 s 95°C, 1 min 55°C, 1 min 72°C	657	[22]
	Aminoglycosides	aac (6′)-aph (2″)	F-TAATCCAAGAGCAATAAGGGC; R-GCCACACTATCATAACCACTA	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	227	[21]
	Methicillin	mecA	F-AACAGGTGAATTATTAGCACTTGTAAG; R-ATTGCTGTTAATATTTTTTGAGTTGAA	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	174	[21]
	β-Lactamase	blaZ	F-ACTTCAACACCTGCTGCTTT; R-TGACCACTTTTATCAGCAAC	30 s 94°C, 30 s 55°C, 1 min 72°C	173	[21]