High Carriage Rate of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella Species among Poultry Meat Vendors in Dar es Salaam: The Urgent Need for Intervention to Prevent the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens

Table 4

Proportion of confirmed ESBL producers in study participants.

Variable	Total population	Confirmed ESBL producer		value
		N	% (95% CI)
Overall	300	107	35.7 (30.5–41.2)
Age group (years)				0.565
<25	138	53	38.4 (30.7–46.7)
25–30	85	26	30.6 (21.8–41.1)
>30	77	28	36.4 (26.5–47.5)
Sex				0.599
Male	202	70	34.7 (28.4–41.4
Female	98	37	37.8 (28.8–47.7)
Districts of business				0.030
Ubungo	50	24	48.0 (34.8–61.5)
Ilala	60	25	41.7 (30.1–54.3)
Temeke	70	15	21.4 (13.4–32.4)
Kigamboni	40	13	32.5 (20.1–48.0)
Kinondoni	80	30	37.5 (27.7–48.5)
Duration in business				0.804
≥3months to 1 year	76	28	36.8 (26.9–48.1)
>1 year	224	79	32.4 (29.3–41.7)
Preference for self-medication			0.836
Yes	151	53	35.1 (27.9–43.0)
No	149	54	36.2 (27.0–44.2)

value according to Pearson’s chi-square test. CI = confidence interval.