Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils and Their Combination against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Skin Ulcer
Table 2
Inhibition zone (mm) of essential oils against MDR bacteria isolated from wounds at KMU, 2020.
Essential oils, 50 μl/ml
μl/disc
Inhibition zone in diameter (mm), pathogen bacteria isolated from wounds
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria
S. aureus
E. faecalis
E. coli
K. pneumoniae
P. aeruginosa
ATCC
MRSA
ATCC
VRE
ATCC
ESBL
ATCC
MDR
ATCC
ESBL
R. abyssinicus
20
23 ± 0.8
23 ± 3.0
25 ± 1.3
25 ± 1.5
21 ± 0.7
22 ± 0.2₫
25 ± 0.5
25 ± 0.9
21 ± 0.8
20.9
10
17 ± 0.4
18 ± .0.1
20 ± 0.9
19 ± 1.0
11 ± 0.3
12 ± 1.4
17 ± 1.7
17 ± 0.1
14 ± 1.2
14 ± 2.1
5
10 ± 1.7
9 ± .0.9
14 ± 1.0
13 ± 1.5
NI
NI
11 ± 0.6
10 ± 1.1
8 ± 2.0
9 ± 0.1
D. penninervium
20
20 ± 2.0
21 ± 0.5
22 ± 0.1
22 ± 1.0
19 ± 0.8
18 ± 0.1
26 ± 0.7
26 ± 0.4
21 ± 0.9
22 ± 0.3
10
13 ± 0.1
14 ± .0.3
17 ± 0.4
16 ± 0.7
14 ± 0.7
15 ± 1.0
18 ± 0.1
17 ± 0.5
17 ± 0.6
17 ± 0.7
5
7 ± 0.7
8 ± .0.9
11 ± 0.1
9 ± 1.3
9 ± 1.6
8 ± 1.0
12 ± 1.9
9 ± 0.1
NI
NI
C. pustulatus
20
19 ± 0.1
19 ± 0.2
20 ± 0.1
21 ± 0.1
12 ± 0.7
12 ± 1.1
22 ± 0.3
22 ± 0.4
19 ± 0.3
19 ± 0.4
10
10 ± 0.5
9 ± 0.2
12 ± 0.6
14 ± 0.6
NI
NI
13 ± 0.4
13 ± 0.9
8 ± 0.4
11 ± 0.9
5
NI
NI
9 ± 0.6
8 ± 0.3
NI
NI
7 ± 0.6
10 ± 0.6
NI
NI
Positive control
S
R
S
R
S
R
S
R
S
R
Negative control (5% DMSO)
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
NI
Mean ± SD, C = ciprofloxacin; NI = no inhibition zone; NT = not tested; ATCC = susceptible >21 mm IZ, resistant <16 mm IZ, where when compared to cefoxitin-treated MRSA, while and when compared to modern drug treated E. faecalis and when compared to K. pneumoniae; when compared to modern drug treated P. aeruginosa, and ₫ when compared to modern drug treated E. coli.
