Risk Factors of Diarrhoea among Children Under Five Years in Southwest Nigeria

Table 3

The association between medical history and environmental variables and diarrhoea.

Characteristics		Controls		Cases		COR (95% CI)	value
		Number (n)	Percentage (%)	Number (n)	Percentage (%)
Where was your child born?	At home	2	1.46	11	7.69	1.375 (0.213–8.858)	0.738
	Hospital	131	95.62	116	81.12	0.221 (0.072–0.681)	0.009
	Traditional maternity centre	4	2.92	16	11.19	1.00
How was your child born?	Caesarean section	34	24.82	26	18.44	0.685 (0.385–1.218)	0.198
	Natural birth	103	75.18	115	81.56	1.00
Did you receive antenatal care?	Yes	135	98.54	107	76.98	0.050 (0.012–0.211)	<0.0001
	No	2	1.46	32	23.02	1.00
Was baby breastfed?	Yes	137	100.00	142	99.30
	No	0	0.00	1	0.70
Was baby placed on exclusive?	Yes	105	77.21	65	46.10	0.253 (0.150–0.425)	<0.0001
	No	31	22.79	76	53.90	1.00
If no, how long was the baby breastfed?	<6 Months	13	48.15	60	80.00	4.308 (1.677–11.065)	0.002
	>6 months	14	51.85	15	20.00	1.00
Does baby attend a crèche?	Yes	27	19.85	45	33.58	2.041 (1.174–3.549)	0.011
	No	109	80.15	89	66.42	1.00
Do you have a babysitter at home?	Yes	34	25.00	37	27.41	1.133 (0.659–1.947)	0.652
	No	102	75.00	98	72.59	1.00
Tap water	No	130	94.89	122	85.31	0.313 (0.128–0.762)	0.011
	Yes	7	5.11	21	14.69	1.00
Borehole	No	114	83.21	104	72.73	0.538 (0.301–0.961)	0.036
	Yes	23	16.79	39	27.27	1.00
Well	No	137	100.00	143	100.00
	Yes	0	0.00	0	0.00
Sachet water	No	105	76.64	59	41.26	0.214 (0.128–0.359)	<0.0001
	Yes	32	23.36	84	58.74	1.00
Bottled water	No	86	62.77	116	81.12	2.548 (1.480–4.387)	0.001
	Yes	51	37.23	27	18.88	1.00
Boiled water	No	100	72.99	109	76.22	1.186 (0.692–2.033)	0.535
	Yes	37	27.01	34	23.78	1.00
Rainwater	No	137	100.00	134	93.71
	Yes	0	0.00	9	6.29
River or stream	No	137	100.00	143	100.00
	Yes	0	0.00	0	0.00
Do you keep pets?	Yes	15	11.03	21	15.00	1.424 (0.700–2.893)	0.329
	No	121	88.97	119	85.00

is significant; COR: crude odds ratio; CI: confidence interval.