High-Resolution Melting Analysis to Detect Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in South African Neisseria gonorrhoeae Clinical Isolates and Specimens
Table 2
Comparison of high-resolution melt assay and whole-genome sequencing (gold standard) for the detection of antimicrobial resistance determinants in Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates and control strains.
Target
HRM vs. WGS concordance (%)
Sensitivity (95% CI) (%)
Specificity (95% CI) (%)
PPV (95% CI) (%)
NPV (95% CI) (%)
ponA_L421P
66.7
76.2 (52.8–91.8)
44.4 (13.7–78.8)
76.2 (63.0–85.8)
44.4 (21.7–69.7)
porB_G120D
83.3
40.0 (5.3–85.3)
92.0 (74.0–99.0)
50.0 (15.3–84.7)
88.5 (78.8–94.1)
porB_G120K
96.7
75.0 (19.4–99.4)
100 (86.8–100)
100
96.3 (82.7–99.3)
porB_A121G
96.7
75.0 (19.4–99.4)
100 (86.8–100)
100
96.3 (82.7–99.3)
porB_A121D
70.0
85.7 (42.1–99.6)
65.2 (42.7–83.6)
42.9 (28.4–58.6)
93.8 (70.5–98.6)
mtrR_G45D
93.3
66.7 (9.4–99.2)
96.3 (81.03–99.9)
66.7 (19.9–94.1)
96.3 (83.9–99.2)
rpsJ_V57M
93.3
100 (87.6–100)
100 (15.8–100)
100
100
gyrA_S91F
100
100 (85.2–100)
100 (59.0–100)
gyrA_D95A
96.7
85.7 (42.1–99.6)
100 (85.2–100)
100
95.8 (78.9–99.3)
gyrA_D95G
66.6
38.5 (13.9–68.4)
88.2 (63.6–98, 5)
71.4 (36.5–91.6)
65.2 (54.1–74.9)
parC_S87R
100
100 (2.5–100)
100 (88.1–100)
100
100
parC_S88P
100
100 (15.8–100)
100 (87.7–100)
100
100
16S_C1192U
100
100 (2.5–100)
100 (88.1–100)
100
100
penA_G545S
100
100 (2.5–100)
100 (87.7–100)
100
100
penA_mosaic
100
100 (2.5–100)
100 (88.1–100)
100
100
Only control strains were used for these targets. All isolates in this study were susceptible to spectinomycin, azithromycin, cefixime, and ceftriaxone.
