Throat Swab Culture Positivity and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles in Children 2–5 Years of Age Suspected of Bacterial Tonsillitis at Hargeisa Group of Hospitals, Somaliland: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Bacterial throat culture positivity among children 2–5 years of age with suspicion of bacterial tonsillitis at Hargeisa Group of Hospital (N = 374).

Variables	Total	Culture results		COR (95% CI)	value
	N (%)	Positive	Negative
		N (%)	N (%)
Children age (years)
2	2 (0.5)	2 (100)	0	NA	0.199
3	110 (29.4)	36 (32.7)	74 (67.3)
4	121 (32.4)	40 (33.1)	81 (66.9)
5	141 (37.7)	42 (29.8)	99 (70.2)
Gender
Male	200 (53.5)	73 (36.5)	127 (63.5)	0.64 (0.41–1.00)	0.05
Female	174 (46.5)	47 (27)	127 (73)
Residence
Rural	69 (18.4)	19 (27.5)	50 (72.5)		0.37
Urban	305 (81.6)	101 (33.1)	204 (66.9)	0.78 (0.43–1.37)
Father’s education
Not able to read and write	55 (14.7)	18 (32.7)	37 (67.3)	3.46 (0.67 = 17.72)	0.002
Able to read and write	56 (15)	29 (51.8)	27 (48.2)	2.53 (0.46–13.79)
Primary school	81 (21.7)	19 (23.5)	62 (76.5)	1.01 (0.20–5.57)
High school	82 (21.9)	30 (36.6)	52 (63.4)	0.9 (0.16–5.04)
Higher education	100 (26.7)	24 (24)	76 (76)
Mother’s education
Not able to read and write	186 (49.7)	78 (41.9)	108 (58.1)	NA	0.001
Able to read and write	105 (28.1)	28 (26.7)	77 (73.3)
Primary school	36 (9.6)	7 (19.4)	29 (80.6)
High school	30 (8)	6 (20)	24 (80)
Higher education	17 (4.5)	1 (5.9)	16 (94.1)
Parental occupation
Unemployed	116 (31)	26 (22.4)	90 (77.6)	1.98 (1.19–3.29)	0.020
Employed	258 (69)	94 (36.4)	164 (63.6)
Mother’s age (years)
20–25	98 (26.2)	26 (26.5)	72 (73.5)	NA	0.14
26–30	169 (45.2)	59 (34.9)	110 (65.1)
31–35	90 (24.1)	27 (30)	63 (70)
36–40	15 (4)	6 (40)	9 (60)
41–45	2 (0.5)	2 (100)	0 (0)
Total	374 (100)	120 (32.1)	254 (67.9)

Key. NA: not applicable.