Heart-Kidney Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Stress Testing

Table 2

Changes in cardiac biomarkers, oxidative stress, and various cardiovascular imaging parameters compared between the high and low ischemia (number of inducible myocardial perfusion defects) groups.

Study variable	High inducible ischemia (𝑛=18)	Low inducible ischemia (𝑛=16)	P value
Laboratory
Creatinine (𝜇mol/L)—at rest	86.0±27.2	75.6±16.6	.19
Creatinine (𝜇mol/L)—with stress	88.2±28.6	78.5±18.0	.25
ΔCreatinine (𝜇mol/L)	2.2±7.3	2.9±8.0	.80
BNP (pg/mL)—at rest	80.3±60.6	52.9±43.9	.15
BNP (pg/mL)—with stress	92.1±68.8	56.8±40.3	.08
ΔBNP (pg/mL)	11.8±11.8	3.8±7.2	.02
cTnI (𝜇g/L)—at rest	0.010±0.009	0.008±0.007	.45
cTnI (𝜇g/L)—with stress	0.016±0.014	0.008±0.007	.05
ΔcTnI (𝜇g/L)	0.007±0.013	0.002±0.004	.16
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)—at rest	580.4±712.9	289.9±215.8	.13
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)—with stress	639.5±754.1	294.9±204.3	.08
ΔNT-proBNP (pg/mL)	59.1±84.9	5.0±48.8	.03
AOPP (𝜇mol/L)—at rest	121.2±116.3	77.0±28.5	.15
AOPP (𝜇mol/L)—with stress	95.0±102.2	65.2±18.6	.26
ΔAOPP (𝜇mol/L)	−26.1±49.4	−11.8±26.2	.29
Cardiovascular parameters
Segmental perfusion defects—at rest	3.8±5.5	1.8±3.5	.22
Segmental perfusion defects—with stress	10.7±7.1	2.6±4.0	< .001
ΔSegmental perfusion defects	6.6±3.0	0.8±0.8	< .001
End diastolic volume (mL)—at rest	101.3±29.7	105.2±27.9	.70
End diastolic volume (mL)—with stress	107.8±36.7	102.2±27.4	.63
ΔEnd diastolic volume (mL)	6.5±10.9	0.1±8.8	.07
End systolic volume (mL)—at rest	46.5±24.5	43.8±19.1	.73
End systolic volume (mL)—with stress	51.1±30.4	42.3±19.7	.34
ΔEnd systolic volume (mL)	4.6±8.7	0.4±8.6	.19
Ejection fraction (%)—at rest	56.7±10.6	61.1±12.1	.27
Ejection fraction (%)—with stress	55.6±11.6	60.6±11.0	.21
ΔEjection fraction (%)	−1.1±3.9	−0.5±6.1	.74

Δ: delta (change from pre-stress to poststress test).
BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide, cTnI: cardiac troponin I, NT-proBNP: N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products, NGAL: neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.