Classification of Five Uremic Solutes according to Their Effects on Renal Tubular Cells

Figure 2

Effects of uremic solutes on cell cycle progression after porcine renal tubular cells were synchronized at G1/S boundary. (a) Time-dependent shift of histograms of untreated control cells. Each line indicates time after release from synchronization. Solid line: 0 hours, dotted line: 4 hours, and dashed line: 6 hours. Duplicate data for each time point are shown except for 0 hours. (b) and (c) Histograms of uremic solute-treated cells and corresponding control cells at indicated time points. After synchronization, cells were released to grow with (dashed line) or without (solid line) uremic solute for indicated periods. Cont, control; IS, indoxyl sulfate; PCS, p-cresyl sulfate; PhS, phenyl sulfate; HA, hippuric acid; IAA, indoleacetic acid. Concentrations of solutes (mmol/L) are shown in parentheses. Duplicate data are shown. Data are representative of two independent experiments.

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