Dialysate White Blood Cell Change after Initial Antibiotic Treatment Represented the Patterns of Response in Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of peritoneal episodes, categorized by early response, delayed response, and failure groups (455 patients; 644 episodes).

Characteristics	Early response; ( )	Delayed response; ()	Failure; ()	value
Male, (%)	192 (50.8)	58 (47.5)	70 (48.6)	0.789
Age, year	62.1 ± 12.0	60.2 ± 13.5	59.3 ± 13.1	0.051
Diabetes, (%)	246 (65.1)	79 (64.8)	97 (67.4)	0.871
HIV, (%)	4 (1.1)	0	3 (2.1)	0.275
Primary kidney disease, (%)
Diabetic nephropathy	245 (64.8)	78 (63.9)	96 (66.7)	0.890
Glomerulonephritis	3 (0.8)	1 (0.8)	2 (1.4)
Nephrosclerosis	60 (15.9)	15 (12.3)	21 (14.6)
Obstructive uropathy	3 (0.8)	0	1 (0.7)
Others	18 (4.8)	9 (7.4)	9 (6.3)
Unknown	49 (13.0)	19 (15.6)	15 (12.9)
Dialysis vintage, month
Median [min–max]	16.8 [0–87.6]	15.0 [0–76.8]	19.8 [0–81.6]	0.309
First episode of peritonitis	218 (57.7)	64 (52.5)	71 (49.3)	0.190
Episode of peritonitis
Median [min–max]	1 [1–8]	1 [1–8]	2 [1–9]	0.494
Body temperature, Celsius	37.1 ± 0.9	37.0 ± 0.9	37.0 ± 1.0	0.520
Empirical antibiotic regimen
Cefazolin	333 (88.1)	111 (91.0)	127 (88.2)	0.701
Vancomycin	17 (4.5)	5 (4.1)	8 (5.6)	0.869
Ceftazidime	335 (88.6)	113 (92.6)	131 (91.0)	0.423
Gentamicin/amikacin	12 (3.2)	1 (0.8)	1 (0.7)	0.167
Meropenem	6 (1.6)	2 (1.6)	6 (4.2)	0.222
Cefepime	23 (6.1)	5 (4.1)	4 (2.8)	0.284
Organism
Culture negative	106 (28.0)	39 (32.0)	46 (31.9)	<0.001
Gram-positive	161 (42.6)	33 (27.1)	19 (13.2)
Gram-negative	92 (24.3)	45 (36.9)	40 (27.8)
Mixed organism	19 (5.0)	4 (3.3)	14 (9.7)
Tuberculosis	0	0	9 (6.3)
Fungus	0	1 (0.8)	16 (11.1)
Empirical antibiotic success
In total cases	375 (99.2)	36 (29.5)	0	<0.001
In culture negative cases	106/106 (100)	19/39 (48.7)	0	<0.001

Empirical antibiotic success; success in treatment without changing to any salvage antibiotic regimens.