Renal Outcomes in Children with Operated Spina Bifida in Uganda

Table 3

Risk factors for renal damage.

	Markers of renal damage
RISK FACTORS	Hydronephrosis	Renal scarring	Kidney size discrepancy >1cm	Hypertension
Motor level
L5 or above	10/45	30/45	20/45	18/45
S1 or below	0/20	12/20	8/20	7/20
	(p = 0.025)	(p = 0.60)	(p = 0.74)	(p = 0.70)
Mobility
Unable to walk	7/30	19/30	12/30	13/30
Able to walk (with or without aids)	3/35	23/35	16/35	12/35
	(p = 0.17)	(p = 0.84)	(p = 0.64)	(p = 0.46)
Sex
Female	5/29	21/29	13/29	10/29
Male	5/36	21/36	15/36	15/36
	(p = 0.74)	(p = 0.24)	(p = 0.80)	(p = 0.55)
Urinary tract infection
At least one prior UTI	5/29	23/36	17/36	10/36
No documented UTI	5/36	19/29	11/29	15/29
	(p = 0.74)	(p = 0.89)	(p = 0.45)	(p = 0.05)
CIC adherence
Never performed or abandoned CIC	6/48	30/48	22/48	18/48
Currently performing CIC	4/17	12/17	6/17	7/17
	(p = 0.43)	(p = 0.55)	(p = 0.45)	(p = 0.80)
Detrusor leak point pressure^#
DLPP >30	1/10	6/10	6/10	5/10
DLPP <30	8/45	31/45	18/45	17/45
	(p = 1.0)	(p = 0.71)	(p = 0.30)	(p = 0.50)

UTI = urinary tract infection; DLPP = detrusor leak point pressure; DLPP results available for 55 children.