Undiagnosed Kidney Injury in Uninsured and Underinsured Diabetic African American Men and Putative Role of Meprin Metalloproteases in Diabetic Nephropathy

Figure 6

Cystatin C and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels. (a)-(b) Log-transformed plasma (a) or urinary (b) cystatin C levels among nondiabetic subjects, diabetic patients with normo-, micro- or macroalbuminuria, and diabetic patients with diagnosed kidney disease (DKD). Urinary cystatin C levels were normalized to urinary creatinine. (c)-(d) Log-transformed plasma (c) and urinary (d) NGAL levels among nondiabetic subjects, diabetic patients with normo-, micro- or macroalbuminuria, and diabetic patients with diagnosed kidney disease (DKD). Urinary NGAL levels were normalized to urinary creatinine. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Labeled means without a common letter are significantly different from one another based on one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s honest significant difference test.

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