Renal Dysfunction among HIV-Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Factors predictive of renal dysfunction among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy at Muhimbili National Hospital (N = 287).

Characteristics	Renal dysfunction, n = 71 (24.7%)	No renal dysfunction, n = 216 (75.3%)	Total (N)	Univariate OR, 95% CI, value	Multivariate OR, 95% CI, value
Age
Less than or equal to 60 years	62 (23.4)	203 (76.6)	263	Reference
More than 60 years	9 (40.9)	13 (59.1)	24	2.2, (0.9–5.5), 0.07	2.7,(1.04–7.3), 0.04
Gender
Male	23 (28.8)	57 (71.2)	80	Reference
Female	48 (23.2)	159 (76.8)	207	0.7, (0.4–1.3), 0.32	0.95, (0.5–1.8) 0.9
ART regimen
Non-tenofovir-based	13 (34.2)	25 (65.8)	38	Reference
Tenofovir-based	58 (23.3)	191 (76.7)	249	0.6, (0.3–1.2), 0.15	0.6, (0.3–1.35) 0.23
CD4 count
Less than 350 cells/mm^3	27 (31.4)	59 (68.6)	86	1.6, (0.9–2.8), 0.09	1.25, (0.67–2.3) 0.5
350 cells/mm^3 and above	44 (21.9)	157 (78.1)	201	Reference
Viral load
Less than 1000 cp/ml	59 (23)	198 (77)	257	Reference
1000 cp/ml or more	12 (40)	18 (60)	30	2.2, (1.02–4.9), 0.045	2.5, (1.09–5.8), 0.03
Blood pressure
Normal BP	52 (24.0)	165 (76)	2017	Reference
Hypertensive	19 (27.1)	51 (72.9)	71	1.2, (0.64–2.1), 0.6	0.94, (0.5–1.8), 0.86
Blood sugar
Nondiabetic	64 (23.3)	211 (76.7)	275	Reference
Diabetic	67 (58.3)	5 (41.7)	12	4.6, (1.4–15), 0.01	5.5, (1.6–18.6), 0.006