Renal Failure among Women of Reproductive Age in Burundi: Estimating the Prevalence and Associated Factors Using Population-Based Data

Table 3

Multivariable logistic regression of the factors associated with renal failure.

Variable	Adjusted odds ratio	95% CI
Age
15–19	1.00
20–24	1.32	0.94, 1.86	0.109
25–29	1.73	1.20, 2.50	0.003
30–34	2.15	1.46, 3.15	<0.001
35–39	2.43	1.65, 3.59	<0.001
40–44	3.18	2.14, 4.73	<0.001
45–49	4.74	3.16, 7.11	<0.001
Residential status
Urban	1.00	1.24, 2.20	0.001
Rural	1.65
Geographical region
Bubanza	1.00
Bujumbura Rural	1.36	0.75, 2.45	0.306
Bururi	5.67	3.42, 9.38	<0.001
Cankuzo	0.23	0.09, 0.62	0.004
Cibitoke	1.33	0.74, 2.39	0.343
Gitega	2.38	1.41, 4.02	0.001
Karusi	0.25	0.10, 0.64	0.004
Kayanza	1.91	1.10, 3.29	0.020
Kirundo	1.00	0.55, 1.82	0.995
Makamba	12.50	7.72, 20.23	<0.001
Muramvya	0.22	0.08, 0.60	0.003
Muyinga	0.20	0.07, 0.53	0.001
Mwaro	0.93	0.49, 1.77	0.824
Ngozi	0.78	0.41, 1.47	0.443
Rutana	1.96	1.13, 3.41	0.017
Ruyigi	Na	—	—
Bujumbura Mairie	2.72	1.47, 5.06	0.001
Rumonge	13.12	1.13, 3.41	<0.001
Education
No formal education	1.00
Primary	0.97	0.81, 1.16	0.756
Secondary+	0.61	0.46, 0.81	0.001
Wealth quintiles
Poorest	1.00
Poorer	1.16	0.88, 1.53	0.282
Middle	1.03	078, 1.37	0.812
Richer	1.17	0.88, 1.54	0.272
Richest	1.10	0.82, 1.49	0.524
Marital status
Unmarried	1.00
Currently married/living with a partner	1.09	0.81, 1.45	0.580
Formerly married	1.02	0.71, 1.46	0.918
Health insurance coverage
Covered	0.77	0.63, 0.93	0.008
Not covered	1.00
Participation in labor force
Yes	1.20	0.94, 1.52	0.140
No	1.00
Source of drinking water
Improved	0.86	0.71, 1.04	0.126
Unimproved	1.00
Sanitation
Improved	0.99	0.84, 1.19	0.986
Unimproved	1.00
Ever had a terminated pregnancy
Yes	1.50	1.24, 1.82	<0.001
No	1.00
Ever used anything or tried to delay or avoid getting pregnant
Yes	1.32	1.11, 1.57	0.001
No	1.00
Alcohol use
Yes	1.01	0.85, 1.19	0.916
No	1.00

Significant at ; AOR of 1.00 indicates the reference category; CI: confidence interval; na: not estimated due to lack of data.