PAC-Mediated AKI Protection Is Critically Mediated but Does Not Exclusively Depend on Cell-Derived Microvesicles

Figure 1

Serum cystatin C in all control and experimental groups: the groups “Control,” “IRI” (ischemia reperfusion injury), “IRI + SECR” (secretome), “IRI + MV” (microvesicles), and “IRI + SECR + MV” are part of every panel (a–d). (a) The consequences of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) preconditioning; (b–d) the effects of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), melatonin (Mela), and bone morphogenetic protein-5 (BMP-5) preconditioning. value as compared to “Control” <0.05; ^# value as compared to “IRI” < 0.05; ⁺ value as compared to “IRI” < 0.05 (results as means ± SEM).

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