Longitudinal Changes of Serum Creatine Kinase and Acute Kidney Injury among Patients with Severe COVID-19
Table 1
Cohort characteristics at the time of hospital admission.
Parameter at the time of hospital admission
Total n = 1551
HA-AKI n = 126 (8.1%)
NonAKI n = 1425 (91.9%)
Age, years
52 (43–62)
53 (43–65)
52 (42–62)
0.33
Male sex, n(%)
949 (61)
88 (70)
861 (60)
0.04
Time since symptom onset, days
8 (6–11)
7 (5–10)
8 (6–11)
<0.001
DM, n(%)
380 (24.)
36 (29)
344 (24)
0.27
HTN, n(%)
366 (23)
36 (29)
330 (23)
0.17
Obesity, n(%)
633 (41)
54 (43)
579 (41)
0.62
BMI, kg/m2
29.1 (26.0–32.4)
29.4 (25.9–34.7)
29.1 (26.0–32.3)
0.6
Charlson comorbidity index, points
1 (0–2)
1 (0–2)
1 (0–2)
0.78
NEWS2 score, points
7 (6–8)
8 (7–9)
7 (6–8)
0.67
Serum creatinine, mg/dl
0.79 (0.69–0.93)
0.83 (0.71–0.93)
0.79 (0.69–0.93)
0.24
CK, IU/L
79 (44–163)
92 (52–185)
78 (43–163)
0.54
CK 1000–5000 IU/L, n(%)
24 (1.5)
14 (11)
10 (0.7)
<0.001
CK >5000 IU/L, n(%)
1 (0)
1(0.7)
0
1.00
LDH, IU/L (IQR)
327 (258–432)
422 (314–521)
321 (253–423)
<0.001
C-reactive protein, mg/dl
13.7 (7.2–20.6)
18.9 (12.0–25.3)
13.2 (7.0–20.2)
<0.001
Ferritin, mg/dl
525 (267–933)
629 (338–989)
521 (260–930)
<0.001
Hs-cTnI, pg/mL
4.8 (3.2–8.2)
7.9 (4.8–23.1)
4.7 (3.1–7.6)
<0.001
Fibrinogen, mg/dl
660 (490–774)
698 (540–838)
655 (485–770)
<0.001
D-dimer, ng/dl
755 (480–1198)
1008 (547–2154)
742 (476–1169)
<0.001
Hemoglobin, g/dl
15.4 (14.2–16.4)
15.3 (14.0–16.3)
15.4 (14.3–16.4)
0.14
Leucocytes, cells/mcl
8.2 (6–11.7)
10.2 (7.5–14.0)
8.1 (6.0–11.5)
<0.001
Total lymphocytes, cells/mcl
786 (549–1085)
685 (535–969)
793 (551–1087)
<0.001
PaO2/FiO2
222 (138–280)
158 (106–244)
226 (144–281)
<0.001
value shows a comparison between HA-AKI versus nonAKI groups. Quantitative data are presented as median (interquartile range). BMI, body mass index; CK, creatine phosphokinase; HA-AKI, hospital-acquired acute kidney injury; HTN, hypertension; Hs-cTnI, high-sensitive cardiac troponin I; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; DM, diabetes mellitus. Obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30 kg/m2.
