Optical Image Encryption Using Devil’s Vortex Toroidal Lens in the Fresnel Transform Domain

Figure 7

Results with incorrect parameters of DVTL: (a–c) decrypted images with incorrect focal lengths with deviation from correct value as 5, 10, and 50 mm, respectively, (d–f) decrypted images with incorrect with deviation from correct value as 10, 40, and 100 nm respectively, (g, h) decrypted images with incorrect topological charge with deviation from the correct value as 1 and 9, respectively, and (i) decrypted image with .

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(i)