Nasopharyngeal Development in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

Figure 2

Cephalometric landmarks of the naso- and oropharyngeal area. (Spa: anterior nasal spine, Spp: posterior nasal spine, Ho: hormion, Ba: basion, AA: anterior arcus atlantis (first cervical spine), C3: anterior third cercival spine (C3), H: hyoid, Me: menton, RGN: retrognathia, B: submentale/B-point, aAw: anterior airway, pAw: posterior airway, ad1–4: adenoids 1–4).