The Complications of Sinusitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: Types, Patient Characteristics, and Outcomes

Table 1

Type of complication from sinusitis.

Type(s) of complication	Patients (%)	Details
1	58 (68.3%)	Local: 14; 9 cases of mucocele, 2 cases of facial cellulitis, 2 cases of facial abscess, and 1 case of osteomyelitis; Orbital: 16; 5 cases of periorbital cellulitis, 5 cases of orbital cellulitis, and 6 cases of subperiosteal abscess (SPOA); Intracranial: 13; 5 cases of meningitis, 2 cases of meningitis with frontal abscess, 1 case; of temporal abscess, 1 case of midbrain abscess   and CN VII palsy (UMNL), and 4 cases of; meningitis with other complications; Cranial nerve (CN) palsy: 15; 2 CN II cases; 4 CN III cases; 1 CN IV case; 3 CN VI cases; 1 CN III, CN IV case; 1 CN III, CN VI case; 3 CN III, CN IV, and CN VI cases
2	17 (20%)	3 mucocele cases; 2 with SPOA and 1 with optic neuropathy; 8 SPOA cases; 4 with CN palsy (limitation of EOM all directions, visual loss); 3 with facial cellulitis/abscess; 1 with osteomyelitis; 4 periorbital/orbital cellulitis cases with facial cellulitis/abscess; 1 orbital cellulitis and superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis with meningitis; 1 transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis with bilateral CN VI palsy
3	8 (9.4%)	6 cavernous thrombosis cases; 3 CN II, CN III, CN IV, and CN VI cases; 1 CN II, VI case; 1 CN III, VI case; 1 CN II, VII case; 1 orbital and facial abscess case with blindness; 1 orbital cellulitis, scalp abscess, lid abscess, and superior sagittal sinus thrombosis case
4	2 (3%)	2 cases of cavernous sinus thrombosis with facial abscess or cellulitis

SPOA: subperiosteal abscess; UMNL: upper motor neuron lesion; CN: cranial nerve; EOM: extraocular movement.
Hydrocephalus, DIC, sepsis, prevertebral abscess, and transverse and sigmoid sinus thrombosis.