Preparation of NaTaO₃ by Spray Pyrolysis and Evaluation of Apparent Photocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Production from Water

Table 4

Quantum yield (QY) obtained by (1) and apparent photocatalytic activity (APA) obtained by (2) of photocatalysts in the present study for water splitting (reactor, Pyrex cylinder; lamp, 15 W UV-C lamp; actinometer, potassium ferrioxalate).

Photocatalyst	Precursor preparation temperature (K)	Mean residence time (sec)	Reactant volume (L)	H2 (𝜇mol/hr)	Apparent photocatalytic activity (𝜇mole/g⋅L⋅hr⋅W)
	Spray pyrolysis temperature (K)	Sacrificial agent (methanol 20 vol%)	Catalyst (g)	QY (%)
NiO(0.05 wt%)/ NaTaO3	333	1.80	0.5	462.5	123.3
	1173	X	0.5	6.5
NaTaO3	333	1.80	0.5	0.27	0.07
	973	X	0.5	3.8 × 10^−3
NaTaO3	333	1.80	0.5	1.25	0.33
	1073	X	0.5	1.8 × 10^−2
NaTaO3	333	1.80	0.5	3.31	0.88
	1173	X	0.5	4.6 × 10^−2
NaTaO3	333	1.80	0.5	0.81	0.22
	1273	X	0.5	1.1 × 10^−2
NaTaO3	298	2.25	0.3	107.5	199.1
	1173	O	0.12	1.5
NaTaO3	313	2.25	0.3	300.0	555.6
	1173	O	0.12	4.2
NaTaO3	333	2.25	0.3	237.5	439.8
	1173	O	0.12	3.3
NaTaO3	353	2.25	0.3	2150.0	3981.5
	1173	O	0.12	30.1
NiO(0.2 wt%)/ NaTaO3	353	2.25	0.3	1625.0	6018.5
	1173	O	0.06	22.8
NiO(0.2 wt%)/ NaTaO3	353	2.25	0.3	3150.0	5833.3
	1173	O	0.12	44.1
NiO(0.2 wt%)/ NaTaO3	353	2.25	0.3	3637.5	4490.7
	1173	O	0.18	50.9
NiO(0.2 wt%)/ NaTaO3	353	2.25	0.3	3212.5	2379.6
	1173	O	0.30	45.0