Combination of TiO₂-Film Photocatalysis and Ultrafiltration to Treat Wastewater

Table 1

Permeate quality after being treated by TiO₂-film photocatalysis (10 KDa).

	Raw water	UF		Coating-3 + UF		Coating-5 + UF		Coating-7 + UF
pH	6.53	6.53	—	6.52	—	6.54	—	6.53	—
Conductance (mS/cm)	3.27	3.18	2.75%	3.20	2.14%	3.19	2.45%	3.22	1.53%
Turbidity (NTU)	1.96	0.38	80.61%	0.37	81.12%	0.34	82.65%	0.39	80.10%
TOC (mg/L)	15.9	10.6	33.71%	9.53	40.40%	8.00	49.94%	11.7	26.83%

UF: raw water treated by 10 KDa ultrafiltration.  
Coating-3: raw water pretreated by photocatalysis (300 min, 3-coating times, 6 𝜇m thickness); coating-5: raw water pretreated by photocatalysis (300 min, 5-coating times, 6.67 𝜇m thickness); coating-7: raw water pretreated by photocatalysis (300 min, 7-coating times, 8 𝜇m thickness).