Effect of Annealing on the Properties of Antimony Telluride Thin Films and Their Applications in CdTe Solar Cells

Table 1

The parameters for CdS/CdTe solar cells with or without Sb₂Te₃ back contacts at different annealing temperatures.

Temperature	𝑉oc (mV)	𝐽sc (mA/cm^2)	FF (%)	𝐸ff (%)
Without back contacts	720.9	20.3	54	7.9
No annealing	680.1	19.2	50	6.53
523 K	743.7	23.5	55	9.61
573 K	805.9	25.1	61	12.34
623 K	784.9	24.3	58	11.06