Buck-Boost/Forward Hybrid Converter for PV Energy Conversion Applications

Table 1

Parameter definitions of control signals shown in Figure 4.

Symbol	Definition
𝑉PV	Output voltage of PV arrays
𝐼PV	Output current of PV arrays
𝑃𝑃	Maximum power of PV arrays
𝑃𝐵	Charging power of battery 𝑃𝐵=𝑉𝐵𝐼𝐵
𝑃𝐵(max)	Maximum charging power of battery 𝑃𝐵(max)=𝑉𝐵𝐼𝐵(max)
𝐼𝐵	Charging current of battery
𝑉𝐵	Battery voltage
𝑉𝑂	Output voltage of forward converter
𝐼𝑂	Output current of forward converter
𝑉𝐵(max)	Maximum voltage of battery
𝑉𝐵(min)	Minimum voltage of battery
𝑉𝑂(max)	Maximum output voltage of forward converter
𝐼𝑂(max)	Maximum output current of forward converter
𝐼𝐵(max)	Maximum current of battery
𝑉ref	Reference voltage for obtaining the desired output voltage 𝑉𝑂
𝐼𝐶	Current command for obtaining the desired charging current 𝐼𝐵
𝑆𝑀	Control signal of operational mode (𝑆𝑀 = 0, battery charging; 𝑆𝑀 = 1, LED driving)
𝑆𝑛	Insolation level judgment (𝑆𝑛 = 1, low insolation level; 𝑆𝑛 = 0, high insolation level)
𝑉𝑓	Feedback signal of PWM IC
𝑉𝑒	Error value
𝐺1, 𝐺2	pwM signals
𝑀1, 𝑀2	Gate signals of switches 𝑀1 and 𝑀2