Development of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Sputtered N-Doped TiO₂ Thin Films: From Modeling the Growth Mechanism of the Films to Fabrication of the Solar Cells

Figure 1

XPS spectra for Ti2p_3/2 core level of the films deposited at (a) 0.2, (b) 0.6, and (c) 3.5 sccm.

(a)

(b)

(c)