Effective Carbon Dioxide Photoreduction over Metals (Fe-, Co-, Ni-, and Cu-) Incorporated TiO₂/Basalt Fiber Films

Table 1

Physical properties of 5.0 mol.% M-TiO₂ particles.

Physical properties of catalysts	Atomic compositions; Ti : M : O	Specific surface areas; m^2 g^−1	Total pore volume; cm^3 g^−1	Average pore diameter; nm
TiO2	32.0 : 0.0 : 68.0	131	0.20	6.17
5.0 mol.% Fe-TiO2	30.2 : 3.7 : 66.0	165	0.64	15.56
5.0 mol.% Co-TiO2	30.6 : 3.4 : 67.0	124	0.17	5.63
5.0 mol.% Ni-TiO2	28.9 : 3.1 : 68.0	130	0.18	5.63
5.0 mol.% Cu-TiO2	31.6 : 2.9 : 65.5	67	0.42	24.95