Multiple DGs for Reducing Total Power Losses in Radial Distribution Systems Using Hybrid WOA-SSA Algorithm

Table 4

Performance of WOA-SSA compared with those of the standard case without a DG unit, RLF method, WOA, and SSA on an IEEE 13-bus RDN with a single DG.

Particulars	Base case without DG	Algorithms
		RLF	WOA	SSA	WOA-SSA
Optimal location	—	675	675	675	675
Optimal DG size (kW)	—	1913.217	1908.062	1905.825	1913.074
Total power losses (kW)	110.948	74.933	74.943	74.947	74.934
% power loss reduction	—	32.5%	32.5%	32.5%	32.5%
Minimum voltage (p.u.), bus	0.97288, 611	0.99338, 611	0.99331, 611	0.99329, 611	0.99338, 611
Maximum voltage (p.u.), bus	1.04, 675	1.0379, 632	1.0379, 632	1.0379, 632	1.0379, 632
Mean voltage (p.u.)	1.0037	1.011	1.011	1.011	1.011
Standard deviation voltage (p.u.)	0.020686	0.013075	0.013051	0.013041	0.013075
Computational time (S)	—	88689	428	484	450