Semitransparent Building-Integrated Photovoltaic: Review on Energy Performance, Challenges, and Future Potential

Table 1

Efficiency values of different PV modules.

Type of PV module	Module efficiency at STC (%)
Monocrystalline silicon (mo-c-Si)	15-26
Polycrystalline silicon (po-c-Si)	11-22.3
Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS)	10-19.2
Cadmium telluride (CdTe)	9-22.1
Amorphous silicon (a-Si)	5-11.9
Heterojunction (HIT)	18-20
Dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC)	2.9-11.9
Organic photovoltaic (OPV)	4-11.2
Micromorph silicon (a-Si/μc-Si)	8-10

Sources: Yamawaki et al. [53]; Maturi et al. [54]; Debbarma et al. [42]; Green et al. [55].