Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water

Table 1

Characteristics of SPV modules (150 W/12 V) at 1000 W/m² and 25°C.

Maximum power output ()	153.8 W
Maximum output voltage ()	18.4 V
Maximum output current ()	8.37 A
Open-circuit voltage ()	21.9 V
Short-circuit current ()	8.82 A
Efficiency of the SPV modules ()	15.5%
Efficiency of the cells ()	17.6%
Cell type	Polycrystalline
SPV module size (mm)
SPV module area (m^2)	0.99