Analytical versus Metaheuristic Methods to Extract the Photovoltaic Cells and Panel Parameters

Table 1

The analytical methods.

Methods	Parameters	Models	Remarks	Complexity of usage	Accuracy	Ref.
Analytical five-parameter method		SD	Using part of - characteristic to determine the and	Medium	High	[16]
Tivanov		SD	Using part of - characteristic to determine the and and	Medium	Medium	[17]
Ortiz-Conde		SD	Using the CC function to calculate the equation coefficients	Low	Medium	[18]
Garrido-Alzar		DD	is considered 1, and four points () are using	Medium	Low	[19]
Generalized area		SD	Using , and the subgraphic area for three - characteristics	High	Low	[20]
Area		SD	Using subgraphic area for - characteristic and	Low	Low	[21]
Kaminski		DD	The parameters are determined in dark conditions	Low	Low	[22]
model		SD	is considered	Medium	Low	[23]
L function		SD	Using Lambert W function	High	Medium	[24]
Explicit method for the five parameters		SD	Using two points for zone and zone to calculate the slopes	Medium	Medium	[9]
Cotfas	and	SD	Using - characteristic measured and the ideal one	Medium	Medium	[1]
Modified five parameters		SD	Using two empirically equations to calculate and	Low	High	[25]
Elkholy		SD	Using a method based on the nonlinear least-squares algorithm; the parameters are calculated at different environmental conditions	Medium	Medium	[7]
Ndegwa		SD	and are calculated firstly using , and , ; and are then evaluated for different values of in the neighborhood of ()	Medium	Medium	[26]
TRDLA		SD	is calculated firstly using the data provided by the manufacturer’s datasheet; the other four parameters are calculated using the trust-region-dogleg algorithm	Medium	Medium	[27]
Brano		SD	Using five equations derived from Equation (1)	Medium	Medium	[28]