Estimation of Groundwater Quality in Arid Region or Semiarid Region by Using Statistical Methods and Geographical Information System Technique

Table 1

EC, TDS, chloride, fluoride, and TH readings are used to classify groundwater samples.

Range	Class	The number of samples		Station number on a sliding scale		%
		PRM	POM	PRM	POM	PRM	POM
EC Wilcox
<250	Outstanding	0	0	0	0	0	0
250-750	Good	1	1	19	18	5	5
750-2000	Allowable	10	13	13, 9, 15, 7, 18, 14, 2, 17, 1, 3	9, 11, 15, 0, 17, 19, 7, 1, 3, 14, 16, 6	45	50
182000-5000	Unsure	8	6	8, 6, 5, 16, 10, 2, 12, 13, 12, 4	8, 5, 10, 12, 2, 4, 13	40	30
>5000	Unfitting	0	0	0	0	0	0
TDS (mg/L) classification Davis and Dewiest
<500	Suitable for consumption	1	2	11, 19	18, 11, 9	8	13
500-1000	Allowable to consume alcohol	8	9	15, 9, 18, 7, 14, 0, 17, 1, 3	15, 1, 17, 7, 19, 3, 1, 14, 16, 6	40	45
1000-3000	Irrigation-friendly	8	6	8, 6, 5, 16, 10, 2, 12, 13, 4	8, 5, 10, 12, 13, 2, 4	40	30
>3000	Drinking water and irrigation are both unsafe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stuyfz and classification of chlorides
<5	Actual oligohaline	0	0	0	0	0	0
5–30	Oligohaline	1	0	18	0	4	0
30–150	Fresh	4	4	11, 1, 7, 14, 9	7, 9, 18, 7, 17	20	20
150–300	Fresh-brackish	4	6	18, 17, 12, 17, 8	19, 0, 15, 14, 12, 3, 16	20	30
300–10^3	Brackish	8	7	3, 0, 2, 6, 7, 14, 4, 13, 10	8, 6, 11, 5, 3, 4, 13, 10	40	35
10^3-104	Brackish-salt	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Salt	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Hyperhaline	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total hardness classification
0–75	Soft	5	5	4, 3, 7, 19, 1, 11	4, 7, 19, 18, 1, 17	25	25
75–150	Abstemiously tough	7	10	8, 17, 14, 10, 5, 18, 0	9, 0, 8, 14, 16, 11, 15, 2, 3, 5, 6	30	50
150–300	Tough	5	2	5, 12, 3, 16, 13, 6	12, 13, 10	25	10
>300	Very tough	1	0	10	0	5	0
Chaturvedi fluoride classification
<0.5	Caries in the teeth	5	6	18, 5, 15, 3, 0, 6	10, 5, 18, 19, 9, 11, 17	25	20
0.5–1	Maximum permissible limit	1	10	10, 19	3, 6, 0, 8, 7, 14, 16, 15, 13, 4, 12	5	50
1–3	Fluorosis of the teeth	5	1	17, 16, 7, 9, 14, 8	2, 1	25	5
3–4	Bones that are stiff	3	0	1, 11, 12, 13	0	15	0
>4	Knee deformities are a common occurrence.	1	0	2,4	0	5	0
>10	Skeletal fluorosis	0	0	0	0	0	0